Brings business, development, and testing together before implementation to clarify a story's examples, rules, and edge cases.
Core question: Which examples express business intent, technical feasibility and testable behavior?
Facilitation methodMethod form: Facilitation method. Describes how this method is used in practice.LowComplexity: low. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.Workshop + asyncFormat: workshop or async. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
15-30 min
3
Details
OperationsCategory: Operations. Describes the method's domain of use.
Sorts possible causes into categories and creates a shared picture for investigation and next tests.
Core question: Which possible causes and mechanisms could create this observed effect, and how will we test them?
Mapping toolMethod form: Mapping tool. Describes how this method is used in practice.LowComplexity: low. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.WorkshopFormat: workshop. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
30-60 min
2-8
Details
Decision MakingCategory: Decision Making. Describes the method's domain of use.
Shows which few causes carry the greatest effect and directs attention to the most important levers.
Core question: Which categories contribute most to the measured total burden?
Decision methodMethod form: Decision method. Describes how this method is used in practice.LowComplexity: low. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.Workshop + asyncFormat: workshop or async. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
30-60 min
1-6
Details
OperationsCategory: Operations. Describes the method's domain of use.
Clarifies workflows, data, causes, and improvements by framing the problem precisely, branching possible causes, and defining countermeasures.
Core question: Which evidenced conditions explain the problem and which can we usefully change?
Mapping toolMethod form: Mapping tool. Describes how this method is used in practice.MediumComplexity: medium. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.WorkshopFormat: workshop. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
1-3 h
2-8
Details
OperationsCategory: Operations. Describes the method's domain of use.
Clarifies workflows, data, causes, and improvements by defining scope and process, collecting failure modes, and assigning actions and owners.
Core question: How can a function fail, what effects follow and which actions demonstrably reduce risk?
Analysis methodMethod form: Analysis method. Describes how this method is used in practice.HighComplexity: high. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.WorkshopFormat: workshop. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
2-6 h
3-10
Details
OperationsCategory: Operations. Describes the method's domain of use.
Separates events, evidence, confirmed causes, and fitting actions so analysis does not turn into blame-finding.
Core question: Which evidenced system causes must change so this or a similar event does not recur?
Analysis methodMethod form: Analysis method. Describes how this method is used in practice.MediumComplexity: medium. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.Workshop + asyncFormat: workshop or async. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
1-4 h
3-8
Details
OperationsCategory: Operations. Describes the method's domain of use.
Guides improvement work from problem definition through measurement and analysis to controls and lasting transfer.
Core question: How will we improve an existing process through valid measurement, confirmed drivers, and sustainably controlled changes?
Process modelMethod form: Process model. Describes how this method is used in practice.HighComplexity: high. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.Workshop + asyncFormat: workshop or async. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
2-12 Wochen
3-10
Details
OperationsCategory: Operations. Describes the method's domain of use.
Coordinates team, immediate actions, root cause analysis, and prevention across eight steps to a verified solution.
Core question: How will we safely contain a material problem, permanently remove verified occurrence and detection causes, and prevent similar cases?
Process modelMethod form: Process model. Describes how this method is used in practice.HighComplexity: high. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.Workshop + asyncFormat: workshop or async. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
1-6 Wochen
4-10
Details
OperationsCategory: Operations. Describes the method's domain of use.
Compares work as actually performed with the standard and reveals deviations that improve the process in a targeted way.
Core question: Which safe, quality-capable sequence meets customer takt with the minimum required standard WIP?
Analysis methodMethod form: Analysis method. Describes how this method is used in practice.MediumComplexity: medium. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.WorkshopFormat: workshop. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
1-3 h
2-6
Details
OperationsCategory: Operations. Describes the method's domain of use.
Paired data points reveal whether two variables move together and where a suspected relationship needs deeper proof.
Core question: What pattern exists between X and Y, and which observations or groups need explanation?
Mapping toolMethod form: Mapping tool. Describes how this method is used in practice.LowComplexity: low. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.Workshop + asyncFormat: workshop or async. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
30-90 min
1-4
Details
ArchitectureCategory: Architecture. Describes the method's domain of use.
Examines how architecture decisions support important quality goals and makes risks and trade-offs visible.
Core question: How does the architecture support our most important quality goals, and where do risks or trade-offs arise?
Analysis methodMethod form: Analysis method. Describes how this method is used in practice.HighComplexity: high. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.Workshop + asyncFormat: workshop or async. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
Several meetings plus preparation and analysis; total effort depends on scope
Evaluation team, architects, and relevant stakeholders
Details
ArchitectureCategory: Architecture. Describes the method's domain of use.
Uses concrete tasks to show how well an architecture supports use and change.
Core question: What changes do our planned tasks require, and how do the architecture alternatives differ?
Analysis methodMethod form: Analysis method. Describes how this method is used in practice.HighComplexity: high. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.Workshop + asyncFormat: workshop or async. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
Preparation, scenario analysis, and findings review; effort depends on scope
Architecture experts and stakeholders for scenarios and weighting
Details
ArchitectureCategory: Architecture. Describes the method's domain of use.
Helps a small team assess the main quality risks in its software and choose where to investigate further.
Core question: How well does our software meet its quality goals, and which risks should we investigate further?
Analysis methodMethod form: Analysis method. Describes how this method is used in practice.MediumComplexity: medium. Estimates preparation, facilitation effort, and method confidence needed.Workshop + asyncFormat: workshop or async. Shows whether the method works in a workshop, asynchronously, or both.
3–4 h for initial assessment; preparation and deeper analysis additional
1 or a small team; particularly suitable for 3–4 people