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| Criterion |  Business Strategy VMGS |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  Decision Making Assumption Surfacing |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | VMGS arranges vision, mission, goals, and strategies into a clear guiding logic. Direction, purpose, and priorities are connected so teams can decide more coherently. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | Plans often contain assumptions that were never openly stated and remain dangerous precisely because of that. Assumption Surfacing makes these silent premises visible and prioritizes which of them carry the initiative or could sink it. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 2-4 h | 20–45 min | 45-90 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | Small cross-functional group | 2-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Vision Statement, Mission Statement, Goals, Strategies | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Assumption List, Critical Assumptions, Learning Plan |
Tagsno overlap | VisionGoalsStrategy | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | AssumptionsRiskDecisionDiscovery |
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