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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Soft Systems Methodology |  Knowledge Modeling IBIS |  Systems Thinking Futures Wheel |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | Soft Systems Methodology helps explore unclear or politically charged problems systematically. Instead of forcing a quick answer, the method builds a shared understanding of perspectives and room for action. | IBIS structures thinking about complex questions as a sequence of issues, ideas, and arguments. The method keeps discussions open without forcing them into premature consensus. | The Futures Wheel helps explore the consequences of a decision, a trend, or a strategic move in a structured way. It makes visible which first, second, and third-order effects could arise from an event. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Medium | Medium |
Timedifferent | 0.5-3 Tage | 1-3 h | 60-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | 5-15 | 2-8 | 3-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Rich Picture, Root Definitions, Conceptual Models, Change Agenda | Issue Map, Positions, Argument Notes | Futures Wheel, Consequence Chains, Strategic Signals |
Tagsno overlap | Soft systemsComplexitySensemakingSystems thinking | RationaleKnowledgeDecision | ForesightSystems thinkingSignals |
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