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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Soft Systems Methodology |  Systems Thinking Futures Wheel |  Decision Making Red Teaming |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | Soft Systems Methodology helps explore unclear or politically charged problems systematically. Instead of forcing a quick answer, the method builds a shared understanding of perspectives and room for action. | The Futures Wheel helps explore the consequences of a decision, a trend, or a strategic move in a structured way. It makes visible which first, second, and third-order effects could arise from an event. | For strategic decisions with high reach, agreement and gut feeling are often not enough. Red teaming brings deliberate opposition into the situation and tests where a plan breaks under real counterarguments. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Medium | High |
Timedifferent | 0.5-3 Tage | 60-120 min | 1-4 h |
Participantsdifferent | 5-15 | 3-10 | 3-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Rich Picture, Root Definitions, Conceptual Models, Change Agenda | Futures Wheel, Consequence Chains, Strategic Signals | Challenge Findings, Risk Register, Mitigation Plan |
Tagsno overlap | Soft systemsComplexitySensemakingSystems thinking | ForesightSystems thinkingSignals | RiskDecisionSensemaking |
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