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Criterion
Paper illustration of a calibrated five-by-five risk matrix with response cards.
Decision Making
Risk Matrix
Design Thinking as a learning loop: an observation notebook, a focused problem statement, different idea sketches, a cardboard prototype and user-test notes. Feedback leads to new understanding.
Innovation
Design Thinking
A hypothetical failure makes concrete risks, signals, and fitting mitigations visible.
Decision Making
Pre-Mortem
Purposedifferent
When a project faces many possible disruptions, it quickly becomes unclear which risks deserve attention first. It separates options, evaluation criteria, and open risks. The result is captured as a Risk Matrix and a Top Risk List.For complex user problems with an uncertain cause, the method connects observation, interpretation, and experiment into a learning cycle. It keeps the focus on real needs and avoids premature solution language. This produces robust decisions for product and service.In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures.
Complexitydifferent
LowHighLow
Timedifferent
30-60 min1 Tag bis mehrere Wochen20–45 min
Participantsdifferent
3-104-10Small cross-functional group
Formatdifferent
Workshop + asyncWorkshopWorkshop
Outputdifferent
Risk Matrix, Top Risk ListProblem Statement, Prototype, Test LearningsRisk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log
Tagsno overlap
RiskDecisionPrioritizationAssessment
InnovationPrototypeResearch
RiskDecisionFailurePlanning
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Often compared together

Methods with strong topical overlap with the current selection, not yet in the comparison.

Paper illustration of an assumption matrix with prioritized test cards
Decision Making
Assumption Surfacing
Paper illustration for Constraint Analysis.
Decision Making
Constraint Analysis
Paper illustration of Cost of Delay with its method-specific working model.
Delivery
Cost of Delay
A paper-based illustration representing Design Sprint with its core stages and visible working result.
Innovation
Design Sprint