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| Criterion |  Operations Process Mapping |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Agile Specification by Example |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | When business rules need to become precise, it ties language, example, and test together. It sorts work by value, risk, and delivery ability. The result is captured as an Example Table and Acceptance Tests. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 30-120 min | 60-90 min pro Feature |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 2-6 | 3-6 |
Formatsame | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | Example Table, Acceptance Tests |
Tagsno overlap | ProcessOperationsImprovement | LeanObservationProcessOperations | AgileRequirementsExamplesBehavior-Driven Development |
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Methods with strong topical overlap with the current selection, not yet in the comparison.
