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| Criterion |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  Business Strategy TOWS Matrix |  Business Strategy Business Model Stress Test |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | The TOWS Matrix connects internal strengths and weaknesses with external opportunities and threats into action-oriented strategies. It goes a step further than a pure stocktaking. | A Business Model Stress Test checks how well a business model holds up under pressure and headwinds. It compares strengths, risks, market logic, and courses of action. The result is captured as a stress-test report and action plan per scenario. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | High |
Timedifferent | 20–45 min | 1-2 h | Half day |
Participantsdifferent | Small cross-functional group | 3-10 | 3-8 |
Formatsame | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | TOWS Matrix, Strategic Options, Priority Actions | Stress Test Report, Action Plan per Scenario |
Tagsno overlap | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | StrategyAnalysisOptions | StrategyBusiness modelRiskDiagnosis |
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