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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Evaporating Cloud |  Operations Causal Factor Analysis |  Product Discovery Test Card |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | The method makes visible why two seemingly incompatible demands arise and which assumption must be tested to resolve the conflict. | For an event with a complicated course, the method breaks down the contributing factors along the timeline. It shows how conditions, decisions, and reactions together produce a course of events. | The Test Card turns a critical assumption into a testable claim and specifies in advance which result counts as success. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | High | Low |
Timedifferent | 60-120 min | 2-6 h | 20-35 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-8 | 3-10 | 1-5 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Conflict Cloud, Assumption List, Breakthrough Ideas, Next Experiments | Event Timeline, Causal Factor Chart, Cause List, Corrective Actions | Test Card with a pre-set threshold |
Tagsno overlap | Theory of ConstraintsAssumptionsSystems thinking | CausalityIncidentRoot causeTimeline | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryHypothesis |
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Methods with strong topical overlap with the current selection, not yet in the comparison.
