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| Criterion |  Operations Causal Factor Analysis |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Systems Thinking Current Reality Tree |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For an event with a complicated course, the method breaks down the contributing factors along the timeline. It shows how conditions, decisions, and reactions together produce a course of events. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | A Current Reality Tree condenses many symptoms into a few causal chains. The method makes visible which core problems drive several negative effects at once. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Low | High |
Timedifferent | 2-6 h | 30-120 min | 2-6 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 2-6 | 3-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Event Timeline, Causal Factor Chart, Cause List, Corrective Actions | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | Current Reality Tree, Core Problems, Intervention Ideas |
Tagsno overlap | CausalityIncidentRoot causeTimeline | LeanObservationProcessOperations | Systems thinkingRoot causeConstraintsCausality |
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