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| Criterion |  Operations After-Action Review |  Knowledge Modeling IBIS |  Operations Gemba Walk |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | IBIS structures thinking about complex questions as a sequence of issues, ideas, and arguments. The method keeps discussions open without forcing them into premature consensus. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | 1-3 h | 30-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 2-8 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Issue Map, Positions, Argument Notes | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas |
Tagsno overlap | LearningOperationsImprovement | RationaleKnowledgeDecision | LeanObservationProcessOperations |
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