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| Criterion |  Operations After-Action Review |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Facilitation Alignment Mapping |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | When several people work toward one goal but hold different mental maps, Alignment Mapping makes the discrepancies visible. It arranges goals, assumptions, and priorities so shared direction becomes verifiable. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | 30-120 min | 1-2 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 2-6 | 4-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | Alignment Map, Open Issues, Decision Questions |
Tagsno overlap | LearningOperationsImprovement | LeanObservationProcessOperations | AlignmentStakeholdersStrategyFacilitation |
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