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| Criterion |  Decision Making Red Teaming |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  Facilitation Alignment Mapping |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For strategic decisions with high reach, agreement and gut feeling are often not enough. Red teaming brings deliberate opposition into the situation and tests where a plan breaks under real counterarguments. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | When several people work toward one goal but hold different mental maps, Alignment Mapping makes the discrepancies visible. It arranges goals, assumptions, and priorities so shared direction becomes verifiable. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 1-4 h | 20–45 min | 1-2 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-8 | Small cross-functional group | 4-12 |
Formatsame | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Challenge Findings, Risk Register, Mitigation Plan | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Alignment Map, Open Issues, Decision Questions |
Tagsno overlap | RiskDecisionSensemaking | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | AlignmentStakeholdersStrategyFacilitation |
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