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| Criterion |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  Operations Kepner-Tregoe |  Operations Change Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations. | For a deviation after a change, the method isolates the influence of the altered condition. It narrows down which differences are relevant and which are just accompanying noise. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | High | Medium |
Timedifferent | 20–45 min | 2-8 h | 45-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | Small cross-functional group | 2-8 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan | Change Matrix, Cause Hypotheses, Validation Questions, Action List |
Tagsno overlap | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations | ChangeRoot causeTroubleshootingComparison |
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