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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Iceberg Model |  Operations 5 Whys |  Operations Root Cause Tree Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. | For a problem with several suspected causes, the method builds a causal structure instead of a mere list. It makes visible how causes connect and where the strongest points of leverage lie. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 30-60 min | 15-30 min | 1-3 h |
Participantsdifferent | 2-10 | 2-6 | 2-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas | Root cause notes, Countermeasures | Cause Tree, Evidence Notes, Countermeasures |
Tags1 shared | Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving | Root causeTreeIncidentQuality |
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