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| Criterion |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Knowledge Modeling Competency Questions |  Operations 5 Whys |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | Competency Questions translate a domain model into concrete questions that it must be able to answer. The method keeps the model's scope clean and prevents pretty but useless structures. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 30-120 min | 2-4 h | 15-30 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-6 | 2-8 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | Competency Question Set, Required Concepts, Test Queries, Coverage Matrix | Root cause notes, Countermeasures |
Tagsno overlap | LeanObservationProcessOperations | OntologyKnowledge graphScopeRequirementsSemantic | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving |
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