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| Criterion |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |  Operations After-Action Review |  Operations Gemba Walk |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 2-6 h | 20-45 min | 30-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 3-12 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas |
Tags1 shared | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause | LearningOperationsImprovement | LeanObservationProcessOperations |
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