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| Criterion |  Facilitation Expectation Mapping |  Operations 5 Whys |  Operations Causal Factor Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When roles, interfaces, or projects fail because of differing expectations, Expectation Mapping surfaces these differences. It shows what each side takes for granted and where the pictures diverge. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. | For an event with a complicated course, the method breaks down the contributing factors along the timeline. It shows how conditions, decisions, and reactions together produce a course of events. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | High |
Timedifferent | 45-90 min | 15-30 min | 2-6 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-12 | 2-6 | 3-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Expectation Map, Alignment Notes, Agreements | Root cause notes, Countermeasures | Event Timeline, Causal Factor Chart, Cause List, Corrective Actions |
Tagsno overlap | AlignmentStakeholdersTeam | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving | CausalityIncidentRoot causeTimeline |
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