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Criterion
Design sheets and interface cards connect to jointly written pseudocode with highlighted unresolved questions.
Architecture
ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)
Iceberg Model method illustration showing its working structure
Systems Thinking
Iceberg Model
Paper illustration for Current Reality Tree
Systems Thinking
Current Reality Tree
Purposedifferent
ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring.A Current Reality Tree condenses many symptoms into a few causal chains. The method makes visible which core problems drive several negative effects at once.
Complexitydifferent
MediumLowHigh
Timedifferent
2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional30-60 min2-6 h
Participantsdifferent
Designers, developers as users, and facilitation2-103-8
Formatdifferent
Workshop + asyncWorkshop + asyncWorkshop
Outputdifferent
Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisionsIceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention IdeasCurrent Reality Tree, Core Problems, Intervention Ideas
Tagsno overlap
ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks
Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns
Systems thinkingRoot causeConstraintsCausality
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Causal Loop Diagram workspace showing the question, observations, and next decision.
Systems Thinking
Causal Loop Diagram
Paper illustration for Theory of Constraints Thinking Process.
Systems Thinking
Theory of Constraints Thinking Process
Paper illustration for Behavior Over Time Graph.
Systems Thinking
Behavior Over Time Graph
Paper illustration for Causal Factor Analysis.
Operations
Causal Factor Analysis