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| Criterion |  Operations 5 Whys |  Product Discovery Test Card |  Operations Root Cause Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. | The Test Card turns a critical assumption into a testable claim and specifies in advance which result counts as success. | When a problem keeps recurring and the cause stays unclear, the method exposes the underlying mechanism. It separates symptom, guess, and robust explanation from one another. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 15-30 min | 20-35 min | 1-4 h |
Participantsdifferent | 2-6 | 1-5 | 3-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Root cause notes, Countermeasures | Test Card with a pre-set threshold | Problem Statement, Cause Hypotheses, Confirmed Causes, Action Plan |
Tagsno overlap | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryHypothesis | Root causeProblem solvingQualityIncident |
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