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| Criterion |  Business Strategy Strategic, Tactical and Operational Planning |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | It places decisions and artifacts at the right level. Strategic planning clarifies direction, tactical planning translates it into programs, and operational planning steers concrete processes. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | High |
Timedifferent | 90-180 min | 30-120 min | 2-6 h |
Participantsdifferent | 4-12 | 2-6 | 3-10 |
Formatsame | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Planning Levels Map, Cadence Model, Planning Artifact Inventory | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions |
Tagsno overlap | CadenceGovernanceExecution | LeanObservationProcessOperations | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause |
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