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| Criterion |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  Engineering Failure Scenario Analysis |  UX Research Card Sorting |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | In critical processes, it is not enough to plan only for the normal case. Failure Scenario Analysis looks at the path into failure and shows which failures, chains, and control gaps cause the most damage. | When content only makes sense internally and users can't find the structure again, card sorting exposes their mental order. Terms, groups, and naming are then aligned with the target group's expectations. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 20–45 min | 1-3 h | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | Small cross-functional group | 3-8 | Based on research question |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Failure Scenarios, Risk Notes, Control Gaps, Test and Response Actions | Content groups, Label set, IA hypotheses |
Tagsno overlap | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | FailureResilienceRisk | Information architectureNavigationStructure |
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