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| Criterion | ![]() Systems Thinking Futures Wheel | ![]() Decision Making Pre-Mortem | ![]() Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | The Futures Wheel helps explore the consequences of a decision, a trend, or a strategic move in a structured way. It makes visible which first, second, and third-order effects could arise from an event. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | High |
Timedifferent | 60-120 min | 20–45 min | 2-6 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | Small cross-functional group | 3-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Futures Wheel, Consequence Chains, Strategic Signals | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions |
Tagsno overlap | ForesightSystems thinkingSignals | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause |
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