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| Criterion |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |  Operations 5 Whys |  Facilitation Alignment Mapping |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. | When several people work toward one goal but hold different mental maps, Alignment Mapping makes the discrepancies visible. It arranges goals, assumptions, and priorities so shared direction becomes verifiable. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 2-6 h | 15-30 min | 1-2 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 2-6 | 4-12 |
Formatsame | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions | Root cause notes, Countermeasures | Alignment Map, Open Issues, Decision Questions |
Tagsno overlap | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving | AlignmentStakeholdersStrategyFacilitation |
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