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| Criterion |  Engineering Failure Scenario Analysis |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  Facilitation Alignment Mapping |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | In critical processes, it is not enough to plan only for the normal case. Failure Scenario Analysis looks at the path into failure and shows which failures, chains, and control gaps cause the most damage. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | When several people work toward one goal but hold different mental maps, Alignment Mapping makes the discrepancies visible. It arranges goals, assumptions, and priorities so shared direction becomes verifiable. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 20–45 min | 1-2 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-8 | Small cross-functional group | 4-12 |
Formatsame | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Failure Scenarios, Risk Notes, Control Gaps, Test and Response Actions | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Alignment Map, Open Issues, Decision Questions |
Tagsno overlap | FailureResilienceRisk | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | AlignmentStakeholdersStrategyFacilitation |
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