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| Criterion |  UX Research Card Sorting |  Innovation Contradiction Analysis |  UX Research Usability Testing |
|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When content only makes sense internally and users can't find the structure again, card sorting exposes their mental order. Terms, groups, and naming are then aligned with the target group's expectations. | When a system should improve while another measure suffers as a result, the method makes the underlying conflict precisely formulable. It separates the desired effect from its side effect. This makes solutions possible that address the contradiction deliberately instead of half-heartedly. | When a product is built but people get stuck on tasks, usability testing shows the friction at concrete points. Observed use instead of self-report makes visible where orientation, understanding, or interaction breaks down. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | Medium |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | 60-120 min | 1-2 h je Session |
Participantsdifferent | Based on research question | 2-8 | Based on research question |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Content groups, Label set, IA hypotheses | Contradiction Statement, Abstraction Notes, Solution Principles, Concept Ideas | Usability Issues, Severity List, Recommendations |
Tagsno overlap | Information architectureNavigationStructure | ContradictionsInnovationProblem solving | ValidationUXPrototype |
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