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| Criterion |  Product Discovery Working Backwards |  Operations Process Mapping |  Operations PDCA Cycle |  Operations After-Action Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When the target state and benefit need to be clear first, it thinks backward from the desired outcome into the product logic. It sharpens vision, objections, and value proposition before elaboration. | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | For an improvement that still has to prove itself in everyday work, the method runs it through small learning loops. It connects planning, checking, and standardization into a repeatable learning mode. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 4-8 h, mehrere Iterationen | 1-3 h | 1 h bis mehrere Wochen | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-6 | 3-10 | 1-8 | 3-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Future Press Release, FAQ, Vision Statement | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | PDCA Log, Experiment Plan, Learning Outcome, Standard Change | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary |
Tagsno overlap | VisionNarrativeAlignment | ProcessOperationsImprovement | Continuous improvementLeanExperiments | LearningOperationsImprovement |