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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Soft Systems Methodology |  Knowledge Modeling Knowledge Mapping |  Operations ALPEN Method |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | Soft Systems Methodology helps explore unclear or politically charged problems systematically. Instead of forcing a quick answer, the method builds a shared understanding of perspectives and room for action. | Knowledge Mapping makes knowledge, gaps, and transfer paths visible across a field. It fits when expertise should not just exist but also be findable and transferable. | With an overloaded day full of too many tasks, a realistic picture of the day emerges. The method connects estimating, deciding, and buffer thinking so planning fits available energy and time. | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Medium | Low | High |
Timedifferent | 0.5-3 Tage | 1-3 h | 10-20 min daily | 2-6 h |
Participantsdifferent | 5-15 | 3-12 | 1 | 3-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop | Async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Rich Picture, Root Definitions, Conceptual Models, Change Agenda | Knowledge Map, Critical Knowledge Areas, Transfer Plan | Daily Plan, Time Estimates, Review Notes | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions |
Tagsno overlap | Soft systemsComplexitySensemakingSystems thinking | KnowledgeMappingRisk | PlanningTime managementProductivityOperations | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause |