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| Criterion |  Operations Process Mapping |  UX Research User Interviews |  UX Research Empathy Mapping |  Operations After-Action Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | When teams derive needs only from assumptions and real motives are missing, user interviews give direct access to behavior and meaning. Conversations from the target group's everyday life make patterns, tensions, and open questions solidly visible. | When a lot is assumed about a target group but little is seen jointly, empathy mapping makes knowledge and gaps directly comparable. The picture also shows which assumptions hold up and where evidence is missing. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 30–60 min per interview | 30–60 min | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 1 participant per interview | 4-8 | 3-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Interview Notes, Themes, Insight Summary | Empathy Map, Assumptions List, Research Gaps | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary |
Tagsno overlap | ProcessOperationsImprovement | QualitativeResearchCustomerDiscovery | SynthesisQualitativeWorkshop | LearningOperationsImprovement |