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| Criterion |  Operations Process Mapping |  Operations Theory of Constraints |  Operations After-Action Review |  Operations Gemba Walk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | For a system that does not get faster despite effort, the method directs attention to the bottleneck. It concentrates improvement on the point that actually limits throughput. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | High | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 2-4 h Analyse, laufend | 20-45 min | 30-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 3-12 | 3-12 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Constraint Map, Improvement Plan, Flow Metrics | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas |
Tags1 shared | ProcessOperationsImprovement | OperationsConstraintsFlowImprovement | LearningOperationsImprovement | LeanObservationProcessOperations |