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| Criterion |  Operations Process Mapping |  Team Design Spotify Model Mapping |  Operations After-Action Review |  Facilitation Expectation Mapping |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | When a team landscape has grown without clear grouping, it maps roles and relationships onto the Spotify model. It clarifies responsibility, interaction, and load between teams. The result is captured as a Spotify model map and action list. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | When roles, interfaces, or projects fail because of differing expectations, Expectation Mapping surfaces these differences. It shows what each side takes for granted and where the pictures diverge. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 90-180 min | 20-45 min | 45-90 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 5-15 | 3-12 | 3-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Spotify Model Map, Action List | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Expectation Map, Alignment Notes, Agreements |
Tagsno overlap | ProcessOperationsImprovement | TeamOrganizationAlignmentDiagnosis | LearningOperationsImprovement | AlignmentStakeholdersTeam |