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| Criterion |  Operations Process Mapping |  Operations Learning Review |  Operations Root Cause Analysis |  Operations After-Action Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | After a project phase with mixed results, the method makes learning from the individual case reusable. It connects events, decisions, and systemic conditions into robust insights. | When a problem keeps recurring and the cause stays unclear, the method exposes the underlying mechanism. It separates symptom, guess, and robust explanation from one another. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 1-3 h | 1-4 h | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 3-10 | 3-8 | 3-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Learning Review Notes, System Factors, Improvement Actions | Problem Statement, Cause Hypotheses, Confirmed Causes, Action Plan | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary |
Tagsno overlap | ProcessOperationsImprovement | LearningRetrospectiveIncidentOperations | Root causeProblem solvingQualityIncident | LearningOperationsImprovement |