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| Criterion |  Operations Process Mapping |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Product Discovery Learning Card |  Operations After-Action Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | The Learning Card connects traceable test results to a reasoned next action while keeping the limits of the insight visible. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 30-120 min | 25-40 min | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 2-6 | 1-5 | 3-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | Learning Card with evidence and next action | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary |
Tagsno overlap | ProcessOperationsImprovement | LeanObservationProcessOperations | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryLearning | LearningOperationsImprovement |