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Criterion
Process Mapping method illustration showing its working structure
Operations
Process Mapping
Paper illustration for Expectation Mapping.
Facilitation
Expectation Mapping
Paper illustration of a review with planned work, actual event sequence, comparison, and assigned improvement actions.
Operations
After-Action Review
Gemba Walk workspace showing the question, observations, and next decision.
Operations
Gemba Walk
Purposedifferent
With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots.When roles, interfaces, or projects fail because of differing expectations, Expectation Mapping surfaces these differences. It shows what each side takes for granted and where the pictures diverge.After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement.When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions.
Complexitydifferent
MediumLowLowLow
Timedifferent
1-3 h45-90 min20-45 min30-120 min
Participantsdifferent
3-103-123-122-6
Formatdifferent
WorkshopWorkshopWorkshop + asyncWorkshop
Outputdifferent
Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement BacklogExpectation Map, Alignment Notes, AgreementsLessons learned, Action items, Event summaryObservation Notes, Improvement Ideas
Tagsno overlap
ProcessOperationsImprovement
AlignmentStakeholdersTeam
LearningOperationsImprovement
LeanObservationProcessOperations
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