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| Criterion |  Operations Process Mapping |  Decision Making Argument Mapping |  Operations Kepner-Tregoe |  Operations After-Action Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | When statements, evidence, and counterarguments get mixed up, a debate quickly loses its structure. Argument Mapping breaks a thesis down into its reasoning and makes visible what it really rests on. | For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | High | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 1-3 h | 2-8 h | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 1-8 | 2-8 | 3-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Argument Map, Evidence Gaps, Decision Rationale | Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary |
Tagsno overlap | ProcessOperationsImprovement | SensemakingDecisionRationale | Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations | LearningOperationsImprovement |