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| Criterion |  Operations Process Mapping |  Operations After-Action Review |  Operations Causal Factor Analysis |  DevOps Blameless Postmortem |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | With a confusing workflow that has many handoffs, the method makes the actual process visible. It shows where work is passed on, delayed, or duplicated, so improvement targets the right spots. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | For an event with a complicated course, the method breaks down the contributing factors along the timeline. It shows how conditions, decisions, and reactions together produce a course of events. | After an incident with damage or a near miss, the method creates a sober field for learning without assigning blame. It directs attention to the course of events, conditions, and effective countermeasures. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | High | Medium |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 20-45 min | 2-6 h | 30-90 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 3-12 | 3-10 | 3-12 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Process Map, Handoff List, Improvement Backlog | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Event Timeline, Causal Factor Chart, Cause List, Corrective Actions | Postmortem Doc, Action Items, Timeline |
Tagsno overlap | ProcessOperationsImprovement | LearningOperationsImprovement | CausalityIncidentRoot causeTimeline | Site Reliability EngineeringIncidentLearningReliability |