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| Criterion |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  Decision Making OODA Loop |  Operations After-Action Review |  Operations ALPEN Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | In dynamic situations, decisions become outdated faster than they can be prepared. The OODA Loop holds observing, orienting, deciding, and acting together as a recurring rhythm so reaction does not slide into inertia. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. | With an overloaded day full of too many tasks, a realistic picture of the day emerges. The method connects estimating, deciding, and buffer thinking so planning fits available energy and time. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 20–45 min | 15-60 min je Zyklus | 20-45 min | 10-20 min daily |
Participantsdifferent | Small cross-functional group | 1-8 | 3-12 | 1 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Async |
Outputdifferent | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Situation Assessment, Decision Loop, Action Updates | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary | Daily Plan, Time Estimates, Review Notes |
Tagsno overlap | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | DecisionChangeLearningStrategy | LearningOperationsImprovement | PlanningTime managementProductivityOperations |