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| Criterion |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  UX Research Empathy Mapping |  Decision Making Assumption Surfacing |  Facilitation Decision Jam |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | When a lot is assumed about a target group but little is seen jointly, empathy mapping makes knowledge and gaps directly comparable. The picture also shows which assumptions hold up and where evidence is missing. | Plans often contain assumptions that were never openly stated and remain dangerous precisely because of that. Assumption Surfacing makes these silent premises visible and prioritizes which of them carry the initiative or could sink it. | When a decision is stuck, Decision Jam loosens the knot through structured separation of problem, idea, and selection. The format creates movement without jumping prematurely at the first seemingly elegant answer. |
Complexitysame | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 20–45 min | 30–60 min | 45-90 min | 60-90 min |
Participantsdifferent | Small cross-functional group | 4-8 | 2-8 | 4-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Empathy Map, Assumptions List, Research Gaps | Assumption List, Critical Assumptions, Learning Plan | Problem Cluster, Prioritized Challenge, Experiment |
Tagsno overlap | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | SynthesisQualitativeWorkshop | AssumptionsRiskDecisionDiscovery | FacilitationDecisionProblem solvingWorkshop |