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| Criterion |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  Knowledge Modeling Concept Mapping |  Knowledge Modeling IBIS |  Decision Making Red Teaming |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | Concept Mapping arranges terms and relationships in a network that makes subject-matter connections tangible. It fits when a topic needs to be understood structurally rather than linearly. | IBIS structures thinking about complex questions as a sequence of issues, ideas, and arguments. The method keeps discussions open without forcing them into premature consensus. | For strategic decisions with high reach, agreement and gut feeling are often not enough. Red teaming brings deliberate opposition into the situation and tests where a plan breaks under real counterarguments. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | Medium | High |
Timedifferent | 20–45 min | 1-2 h | 1-3 h | 1-4 h |
Participantsdifferent | Small cross-functional group | 1-8 | 2-8 | 3-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Concept Map, Relationship Labels, Knowledge Gaps | Issue Map, Positions, Argument Notes | Challenge Findings, Risk Register, Mitigation Plan |
Tagsno overlap | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | KnowledgeConceptsMappingSensemaking | RationaleKnowledgeDecision | RiskDecisionSensemaking |