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| Criterion |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  Knowledge Modeling Concept Mapping |  Product Discovery Experiment Canvas |  Product Discovery Test Card |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | Concept Mapping arranges terms and relationships in a network that makes subject-matter connections tangible. It fits when a topic needs to be understood structurally rather than linearly. | When experiments become unreadable after the fact, it arranges hypothesis, signal, and learning goal on a single canvas. It separates problem, assumption, solution, and evidence. The result is captured as a Completed Experiment Canvas and a Success Metric. | The Test Card turns a critical assumption into a testable claim and specifies in advance which result counts as success. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 20–45 min | 1-2 h | 30-60 min | 20-35 min |
Participantsdifferent | Small cross-functional group | 1-8 | 1-5 | 1-5 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Concept Map, Relationship Labels, Knowledge Gaps | Completed Experiment Canvas, Success Metric | Test Card with a pre-set threshold |
Tagsno overlap | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | KnowledgeConceptsMappingSensemaking | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryHypothesis | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryHypothesis |