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| Criterion |  Decision Making PERT Estimation |  Operations A3 Problem Solving |  Delivery Value Stream Mapping |  Operations Gemba Walk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | On complex initiatives, a plain average tends to understate just how uncertain the outcome really is. It separates options, evaluation criteria, and open risks. The result is captured as a PERT Estimate, Expected Value, and Risk Notes. | For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together. | When delivery work dissolves into wait times, handoffs, and hidden effort, Value Stream Mapping makes the actual flow visible. The method exposes bottlenecks, idle time, and feedback loops so lead time and improvement levers become tangible. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 15-45 min | 45-90 min | 1-3 h | 30-120 min |
Participantsdifferent | 1-8 | 2-5 | 4-10 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | PERT Estimate, Expected Value, Risk Notes | A3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis | Current-state map, Future-state map, Bottleneck list | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas |
Tagsno overlap | EstimationUncertaintyRisk | LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations | LeanFlowWasteDelivery | LeanObservationProcessOperations |