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| Criterion |  Operations MORT Analysis |  Operations Barrier Analysis |  Systems Thinking Iceberg Model |  Operations 5 Whys |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a safety-relevant event or a system with high protection requirements, the method examines where controls failed. It exposes both technical and organizational gaps. | For a risk that can only be managed through multiple layers of protection, the method examines the effectiveness of each barrier. It shows where safeguards are missing, too weak, or fail under real conditions. | The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. |
Complexitydifferent | High | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | Mehrere Tage bis Wochen | 2-4 h | 30-60 min | 15-30 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-6 | 2-6 | 2-10 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | MORT Worksheets, Findings per Branch, Corrective Actions, Systemic Recommendations | Barrier Inventory, Failure Analysis per Barrier, Action Backlog | Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas | Root cause notes, Countermeasures |
Tags1 shared | Root causeSafetySystemicIncident | Root causeSafetyIncident | Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving |