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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Iceberg Model |  Systems Thinking Evaporating Cloud |  Systems Thinking Future Reality Tree |  Systems Thinking Behavior Over Time Graph |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring. | The method makes visible why two seemingly incompatible demands arise and which assumption must be tested to resolve the conflict. | A Future Reality Tree shows how desired actions are meant to lead to a better system state. The method checks whether a path of change holds together logically before time flows into implementation. | A Behavior Over Time Graph shows how a metric or observation develops over time. The method makes trends, breaks, and recurring patterns visible that get lost in snapshots. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | High | Low |
Timedifferent | 30-60 min | 60-120 min | 2-4 h | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-10 | 2-8 | 3-8 | 1-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas | Conflict Cloud, Assumption List, Breakthrough Ideas, Next Experiments | Future Reality Tree, Negative Branches, Assumption List, Improved Injections | Behavior Over Time Graph, Trend Hypotheses, Key Events |
Tags1 shared | Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns | Theory of ConstraintsAssumptionsSystems thinking | Theory of ConstraintsSystems thinkingChange | Systems thinkingPatternsDynamics |