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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Iceberg Model |  Operations ALPEN Method |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |  Systems Thinking Current Reality Tree |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring. | With an overloaded day full of too many tasks, a realistic picture of the day emerges. The method connects estimating, deciding, and buffer thinking so planning fits available energy and time. | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. | A Current Reality Tree condenses many symptoms into a few causal chains. The method makes visible which core problems drive several negative effects at once. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | High | High |
Timedifferent | 30-60 min | 10-20 min daily | 2-6 h | 2-6 h |
Participantsdifferent | 2-10 | 1 | 3-10 | 3-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Async | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas | Daily Plan, Time Estimates, Review Notes | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions | Current Reality Tree, Core Problems, Intervention Ideas |
Tagsno overlap | Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns | PlanningTime managementProductivityOperations | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause | Systems thinkingRoot causeConstraintsCausality |