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| Criterion |  Knowledge Modeling IBIS |  Systems Thinking Soft Systems Methodology |  Systems Thinking Leverage Points |  Decision Making Argument Mapping |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | IBIS structures thinking about complex questions as a sequence of issues, ideas, and arguments. The method keeps discussions open without forcing them into premature consensus. | Soft Systems Methodology helps explore unclear or politically charged problems systematically. Instead of forcing a quick answer, the method builds a shared understanding of perspectives and room for action. | Leverage Points show exactly where interventions in a system produce a disproportionate effect. It draws relationships, patterns, and feedback loops. The result is captured as a leverage map and action strategy. | When statements, evidence, and counterarguments get mixed up, a debate quickly loses its structure. Argument Mapping breaks a thesis down into its reasoning and makes visible what it really rests on. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | High | High | Medium |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 0.5-3 Tage | Half day | 1-3 h |
Participantsdifferent | 2-8 | 5-15 | 3-12 | 1-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Issue Map, Positions, Argument Notes | Rich Picture, Root Definitions, Conceptual Models, Change Agenda | Leverage Map, Action Strategy | Argument Map, Evidence Gaps, Decision Rationale |
Tagsno overlap | RationaleKnowledgeDecision | Soft systemsComplexitySensemakingSystems thinking | Systems thinkingChangeStrategy | SensemakingDecisionRationale |