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| Criterion |  Knowledge Modeling IBIS |  Decision Making Assumption Surfacing |  Product Discovery Assumption Mapping |  Product Discovery Learning Card |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | IBIS structures thinking about complex questions as a sequence of issues, ideas, and arguments. The method keeps discussions open without forcing them into premature consensus. | Plans often contain assumptions that were never openly stated and remain dangerous precisely because of that. Assumption Surfacing makes these silent premises visible and prioritizes which of them carry the initiative or could sink it. | When assumptions still sit unordered in the room, it weighs uncertainty against leverage. It makes visible which hypotheses should be checked first. | The Learning Card connects traceable test results to a reasoned next action while keeping the limits of the insight visible. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 45-90 min | 45-60 min | 25-40 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-8 | 2-8 | 2-8 | 1-5 |
Formatsame | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Issue Map, Positions, Argument Notes | Assumption List, Critical Assumptions, Learning Plan | Assumption map, Test backlog, Risk ranking | Learning Card with evidence and next action |
Tagsno overlap | RationaleKnowledgeDecision | AssumptionsRiskDecisionDiscovery | AssumptionsRiskExperimentsValidation | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryLearning |