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| Criterion |  Knowledge Modeling IBIS |  Decision Making Argument Mapping |  Product Discovery Test Card |  Product Discovery Learning Card |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | IBIS structures thinking about complex questions as a sequence of issues, ideas, and arguments. The method keeps discussions open without forcing them into premature consensus. | When statements, evidence, and counterarguments get mixed up, a debate quickly loses its structure. Argument Mapping breaks a thesis down into its reasoning and makes visible what it really rests on. | The Test Card turns a critical assumption into a testable claim and specifies in advance which result counts as success. | The Learning Card connects traceable test results to a reasoned next action while keeping the limits of the insight visible. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Low | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 1-3 h | 20-35 min | 25-40 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-8 | 1-8 | 1-5 | 1-5 |
Formatsame | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Issue Map, Positions, Argument Notes | Argument Map, Evidence Gaps, Decision Rationale | Test Card with a pre-set threshold | Learning Card with evidence and next action |
Tagsno overlap | RationaleKnowledgeDecision | SensemakingDecisionRationale | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryHypothesis | ExperimentsValidationDiscoveryLearning |