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Criterion
Gemba Walk workspace showing the question, observations, and next decision.
Operations
Gemba Walk
Paper illustration for Hypothesis-Driven Troubleshooting.
Engineering
Hypothesis-Driven Troubleshooting
Paper illustration for Alignment Mapping.
Facilitation
Alignment Mapping
A3 Problem-Solving workspace showing the question, observations, and next decision.
Operations
A3 Problem Solving
Purposedifferent
When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions.When systems fail unexpectedly, spontaneous attempts often produce more noise than insight. Hypothesis-driven Troubleshooting translates symptoms into testable assumptions and makes troubleshooting learnable.When several people work toward one goal but hold different mental maps, Alignment Mapping makes the discrepancies visible. It arranges goals, assumptions, and priorities so shared direction becomes verifiable.For a complex deviation with several people involved, the method bundles problem, analysis, and decision onto one page. It creates a shared working space where causes, countermeasures, and follow-up fit together.
Complexitydifferent
LowMediumMediumMedium
Timedifferent
30-120 min30-240 min1-2 h45-90 min
Participantsdifferent
2-61-64-122-5
Formatdifferent
WorkshopWorkshop + asyncWorkshopWorkshop + async
Outputdifferent
Observation Notes, Improvement IdeasHypothesis Log, Test Plan, Evidence Notes, Diagnosis SummaryAlignment Map, Open Issues, Decision QuestionsA3 Report, Action Plan, Root Cause Analysis
Tagsno overlap
LeanObservationProcessOperations
TroubleshootingProblem solvingDiagnosis
AlignmentStakeholdersStrategyFacilitation
LeanProblem solvingCoachingOperations
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