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| Criterion |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Decision Making Delphi Method |  Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis |  Operations Kepner-Tregoe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | When knowledge is distributed and direct dominance should be avoided, groups quickly fall under the sway of their opinion leaders. The Delphi Method gathers assessments iteratively and gradually brings expert judgments closer together. | For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability. | For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | High | High | High |
Timedifferent | 30-120 min | 1-4 Wochen | 2-6 h | 2-8 h |
Participantsdifferent | 2-6 | 6-30 Experten | 3-10 | 2-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Async | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | Expert Forecast, Consensus Range, Assumption Notes | FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions | Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan |
Tagsno overlap | LeanObservationProcessOperations | ForecastingExpertsDecisionStrategy | RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause | Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations |