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| Criterion |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Architecture Architecture Decision Record |  DevOps Incident Command |  Operations 5 Whys |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | An ADR permanently records an architecture decision with context, trade-offs, and consequence. It creates continuity for later changes because the decision path stays traceable. | During an acute incident with several people involved, the method creates a clear leadership and communication structure. It reduces chaos when fast coordination and clean situational awareness are both needed at once. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 30-120 min | 15-45 min | As needed | 15-30 min |
Participantsdifferent | 2-6 | 1-3 | 4-15 | 2-6 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Async | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | ADR File, Decision Log, Rationale | Incident Log, Action Tracker, Stakeholder Updates | Root cause notes, Countermeasures |
Tagsno overlap | LeanObservationProcessOperations | ArchitectureRationaleDocumentationGovernance | IncidentOperationsReliability | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving |