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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Futures Wheel |  Engineering Kanban |  Operations Theory of Constraints |  Operations After-Action Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | The Futures Wheel helps explore the consequences of a decision, a trend, or a strategic move in a structured way. It makes visible which first, second, and third-order effects could arise from an event. | When work sits in too many parallel streams, throughput suffers and no one sees the bottlenecks. Kanban makes the flow of work visible and limits overload so a system becomes calmer and more predictable. | For a system that does not get faster despite effort, the method directs attention to the bottleneck. It concentrates improvement on the point that actually limits throughput. | After missions or project phases with unclear outcomes, the method makes visible what actually happened and what can be learned from it. It separates course, effect, and causes so experience turns into solid improvement. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | High | Low |
Timedifferent | 60-120 min | Ongoing | 2-4 h Analyse, laufend | 20-45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 2-12 | 3-12 | 3-12 |
Formatsame | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Futures Wheel, Consequence Chains, Strategic Signals | Kanban board, WIP policies, Flow metrics | Constraint Map, Improvement Plan, Flow Metrics | Lessons learned, Action items, Event summary |
Tagsno overlap | ForesightSystems thinkingSignals | FlowVisual managementDelivery | OperationsConstraintsFlowImprovement | LearningOperationsImprovement |